What are the transmission methods for Tuberculosis (TB)?

The transmission methods for Tuberculosis (TB) primarily involve droplet and airborne pathways. When a person with active TB coughs, sneezes, or speaks, they release tiny droplets containing the bacteria into the air. These droplets can remain suspended in the air for a period of time, and individuals can become infected by inhaling the bacteria contained in these droplets.

This method of transmission is significant because it highlights the need for appropriate infection control measures, especially in healthcare settings where individuals may be at increased risk of exposure. The droplets can infect individuals who are in close proximity to the person with TB, making it a communicable disease predominantly spread through the air rather than through other routes.

Other transmission methods listed are not applicable to TB. For instance, direct contact does not effectively transmit the bacteria, and fecal-oral route or vector-borne transmission (involving insects or animals) are not relevant to how TB spreads. Understanding the correct mode of transmission is crucial for health professionals in preventing and managing TB cases effectively.