In which conditions is Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) indicated?

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is a non-invasive ventilatory support method that is primarily indicated for patients experiencing respiratory distress due to conditions such as asthma or pneumonia. In these scenarios, CPAP helps by increasing the airway pressure, which keeps the alveoli open, enhances ventilation, and improves gas exchange. The continuous positive pressure can reduce the work of breathing and prevent the collapse of the airways, making it particularly beneficial for patients with obstructive issues.

When dealing with respiratory distress, using CPAP can lead to significant clinical improvement by alleviating the burden on the respiratory muscles and ensuring that the patient is able to maintain better oxygenation. In contrast, conditions like upper gastrointestinal bleeding or severe head trauma might not benefit from CPAP, as they could either complicate the clinical picture or pose additional risks rather than addressing the respiratory issues effectively. For unresponsive patients, CPAP would typically not be indicated since they may require airway protection or advanced airway management rather than non-invasive support.